Originally posted by guitar maestro wrong there buddy.....mild distortion probably won't hurt a sub, but serious distortion is a sign that the amp is clipping
the word "clipping" has a specific significance here.....it means the wave form, which should be a superimposition of sine waves, has become a square wave, and thus contains much more power than a unclipped sine wave at the SAME VOLTAGE.....this is because the top of the waveform has been "clipped" off and becomes square, since the voltage of the wave cannot exceed the rail voltage of the amp, but current can increase substantially
think of a sine wave that has a peak of 5V.....then super impose a square wave with a peak of 5V.....which one has more "area under the curve"??......since obviously a 5V (peak) sine wave plot fits inside a 5V square wave plot, for the same cycle, there is about 1.5x the current flowing thru the coil
so if the total power being produced is still not above the thermal rating of the coil, then it wont cook it........but if a speaker is rated 100 RMS, and a 100RMS amp is fully clipped it can send at least 150W total to the speaker, thus cooking the 100W coil